diff --git a/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-large.mjs b/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-large.mjs
index 41ec0dd..029e267 100644
--- a/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-large.mjs
+++ b/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-large.mjs
@@ -1,27 +1,23 @@
 /* spell-checker: disable */
-// internal function to add path to returned icon
+import parseIconUrl from './icons-parse.mjs';
+
 const addPath = (icon) => `images/icons/current-conditions/${icon}`;
 
 const largeIcon = (link, _isNightTime) => {
-	if (!link) return false;
+	let conditionIcon;
+	let probability;
+	let isNightTime;
 
-	// extract day or night if not provided
-	const isNightTime = _isNightTime ?? link.indexOf('/night/') >= 0;
-
-	// grab everything after the last slash ending at any of these: ?&,
-	const afterLastSlash = link.toLowerCase().match(/[^/]+$/)[0];
-	let conditionName = afterLastSlash.match(/(.*?)[&,.?]/)[1];
-	// using probability as a crude heavy/light indication where possible
-	const value = +(link.match(/,(\d{2,3})/) ?? [0, 100])[1];
-
-	// if a 'DualImage' is captured, adjust to just the j parameter
-	if (conditionName === 'dualimage') {
-		const match = link.match(/&j=(.*)&/);
-		[, conditionName] = match;
+	try {
+		({ conditionIcon, probability, isNightTime } = parseIconUrl(link, _isNightTime));
+	} catch (error) {
+		console.warn(`largeIcon: ${error.message}`);
+		// Return a fallback icon to prevent downstream errors
+		return addPath(_isNightTime ? 'Clear.gif' : 'Sunny.gif');
 	}
 
 	// find the icon
-	switch (conditionName + (isNightTime ? '-n' : '')) {
+	switch (conditionIcon + (isNightTime ? '-n' : '')) {
 		case 'skc':
 		case 'hot':
 		case 'haze':
@@ -81,7 +77,7 @@ const largeIcon = (link, _isNightTime) => {
 
 		case 'snow':
 		case 'snow-n':
-			if (value > 50) return addPath('Heavy-Snow.gif');
+			if (probability > 50) return addPath('Heavy-Snow.gif');
 			return addPath('Light-Snow.gif');
 
 		case 'rain_snow':
@@ -132,9 +128,11 @@ const largeIcon = (link, _isNightTime) => {
 		case 'blizzard-n':
 			return addPath('Blowing-Snow.gif');
 
-		default:
-			console.log(`Unable to locate icon for ${conditionName} ${link} ${isNightTime}`);
-			return false;
+		default: {
+			console.warn(`Unknown weather condition '${conditionIcon}' from ${link}; using fallback icon`);
+			// Return a reasonable fallback instead of false to prevent downstream errors
+			return addPath(isNightTime ? 'Clear-Night.gif' : 'Sunny.gif');
+		}
 	}
 };
 
diff --git a/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-parse.mjs b/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-parse.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87b4a3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-parse.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/**
+ * Parses weather.gov icon URLs and extracts weather condition information
+ * Handles both single and dual condition formats according to the weather.gov API spec
+ *
+ * NOTE: The 'icon' properties are marked as deprecated in the API documentation. This
+ * is because it will eventually be replaced with a more generic value that is not a URL.
+ */
+
+import { debugFlag } from '../utils/debug.mjs';
+
+/**
+ * Parses a weather.gov icon URL and extracts condition and timing information
+ * @param {string} iconUrl - Icon URL from weather.gov API (e.g., "/icons/land/day/skc?size=medium")
+ * @param {boolean} _isNightTime - Optional override for night time determination
+ * @returns {Object} Parsed icon data with conditionIcon, probability, and isNightTime
+ */
+const parseIconUrl = (iconUrl, _isNightTime) => {
+	if (!iconUrl) {
+		throw new Error('No icon URL provided');
+	}
+
+	// Parse icon URL according to API spec: /icons/{set}/{timeOfDay}/{condition}?{params}
+	// where {condition} might be single (skc) or dual (tsra_hi,20/rain,50)
+	// Each period will have an icon, or two if there is changing weather during that period
+	// see https://github.com/weather-gov/api/discussions/557#discussioncomment-9949521
+	// (On the weather.gov site, changing conditions results in a "dualImage" forecast icon)
+	const iconUrlPattern = /\/icons\/(?<set>\w+)\/(?<timeOfDay>day|night)\/(?<condition>[^?]+)(?:\?(?<params>.*))?$/i;
+	const match = iconUrl.match(iconUrlPattern);
+
+	if (!match?.groups) {
+		throw new Error(`Unable to parse icon URL format: ${iconUrl}`);
+	}
+
+	const { timeOfDay, condition } = match.groups;
+
+	// Determine if it's night time with preference strategy:
+	// 1. Primary: use _isNightTime parameter if provided (such as from API's isDaytime property)
+	// 2. Secondary: use timeOfDay parsed from URL
+	let isNightTime;
+	if (_isNightTime !== undefined) {
+		isNightTime = _isNightTime;
+	} else if (timeOfDay === 'day') {
+		isNightTime = false;
+	} else if (timeOfDay === 'night') {
+		isNightTime = true;
+	} else {
+		console.warn(`parseIconUrl: unexpected timeOfDay value: ${timeOfDay}`);
+		isNightTime = false;
+	}
+
+	// Dual conditions can have a probability
+	// Examples: "tsra_hi,30/sct", "rain_showers,30/tsra_hi,50", "hot/tsra_hi,70"
+	let conditionIcon;
+	let probability;
+	if (condition.includes('/')) { // Two conditions
+		const conditions = condition.split('/');
+		const firstCondition = conditions[0] || '';
+		const secondCondition = conditions[1] || '';
+
+		const [firstIcon, firstProb] = firstCondition.split(',');
+		const [secondIcon, secondProb] = secondCondition.split(',');
+
+		// Default to 100% probability if not specified (high confidence)
+		const firstProbability = parseInt(firstProb, 10) || 100;
+		const secondProbability = parseInt(secondProb, 10) || 100;
+
+		if (secondIcon !== firstIcon) {
+			// When there's more than one condition, use the second condition
+			// QUESTION: should the condition with the higher probability determine which one to use?
+			// if (firstProbability >= secondProbability) { ... }
+			conditionIcon = secondIcon;
+			probability = secondProbability;
+			if (debugFlag('icons')) {
+				console.debug(`2️⃣ Using second condition: '${secondCondition}' instead of first '${firstCondition}'`);
+			}
+		} else {
+			conditionIcon = firstIcon;
+			probability = firstProbability;
+		}
+	} else { // Single condition
+		const [name, prob] = condition.split(',');
+		conditionIcon = name;
+		probability = parseInt(prob, 10) || 100;
+	}
+
+	return {
+		conditionIcon,
+		probability,
+		isNightTime,
+	};
+};
+
+export default parseIconUrl;
diff --git a/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-small.mjs b/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-small.mjs
index cc30d6f..d300adf 100644
--- a/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-small.mjs
+++ b/server/scripts/modules/icons/icons-small.mjs
@@ -1,24 +1,22 @@
-// internal function to add path to returned icon
+import parseIconUrl from './icons-parse.mjs';
+
 const addPath = (icon) => `images/icons/regional-maps/${icon}`;
 
 const smallIcon = (link, _isNightTime) => {
-	// extract day or night if not provided
-	const isNightTime = _isNightTime ?? link.indexOf('/night/') >= 0;
+	let conditionIcon;
+	let probability;
+	let isNightTime;
 
-	// grab everything after the last slash ending at any of these: ?&,
-	const afterLastSlash = link.toLowerCase().match(/[^/]+$/)[0];
-	let conditionName = afterLastSlash.match(/(.*?)[&,.?]/)[1];
-	// using probability as a crude heavy/light indication where possible
-	const value = +(link.match(/,(\d{2,3})/) ?? [0, 100])[1];
-
-	// if a 'DualImage' is captured, adjust to just the j parameter
-	if (conditionName === 'dualimage') {
-		const match = link.match(/&j=(.*)&/);
-		[, conditionName] = match;
+	try {
+		({ conditionIcon, probability, isNightTime } = parseIconUrl(link, _isNightTime));
+	} catch (error) {
+		console.warn(`smallIcon: ${error.message}`);
+		// Return a fallback icon to prevent downstream errors
+		return addPath(_isNightTime ? 'Clear-1992.gif' : 'Sunny.gif');
 	}
 
 	// find the icon
-	switch (conditionName + (isNightTime ? '-n' : '')) {
+	switch (conditionIcon + (isNightTime ? '-n' : '')) {
 		case 'skc':
 			return addPath('Sunny.gif');
 
@@ -72,7 +70,7 @@ const smallIcon = (link, _isNightTime) => {
 
 		case 'snow':
 		case 'snow-n':
-			if (value > 50) return addPath('Heavy-Snow-1994.gif');
+			if (probability > 50) return addPath('Heavy-Snow-1994.gif');
 			return addPath('Light-Snow.gif');
 
 		case 'rain_snow':
@@ -153,8 +151,9 @@ const smallIcon = (link, _isNightTime) => {
 			return addPath('Haze.gif');
 
 		default:
-			console.log(`Unable to locate regional icon for ${conditionName} ${link} ${isNightTime}`);
-			return false;
+			console.warn(`Unknown weather condition '${conditionIcon}' from ${link}; using fallback icon`);
+			// Return a reasonable fallback instead of false to prevent downstream errors
+			return addPath(isNightTime ? 'Clear-1992.gif' : 'Sunny.gif');
 	}
 };